Poverty Welfare free essay sample

Successes failures of anti-poverty welfare programs, demographics, gap between rich poor, education employment, future. Despite decades of social welfare programs, the federal government has largely failed in its War on Poverty. The failure of these programs has created a social deficit in which impoverished individuals are caught up in a dependency cycle on public assistance. Demographic changes, such as the high rate of teenaged pregnancy, have simultaneously contributed to the increase in the poor population in America and created a feminization of poverty. Federal social welfare programs are designed to aid those individuals whose incomes fall below the poverty line. An estimated 30 million Americans live in poverty (Ford, 1989, p. 1). Federal programs have succeeded in contributing to a decrease in the number of elderly poor. Before President Johnsons War on Poverty in the 1960s, almost 30 percent of the

Two-Digit Multiplication Lesson Plans

Two-Digit Multiplication Lesson Plans This lesson gives students an introduction to two-digit multiplication. Students will use their understanding of place value and single digit multiplication to begin multiplying two-digit numbers. Class: 4th grade Duration: 45 minutes Materials papercoloring pencils or crayonsstraight edgecalculator Key Vocabulary: two-digit numbers, tens, ones, multiply Objectives Students will multiply two two-digit numbers correctly. Students will use multiple strategies for multiplying two-digit numbers. Standards Met 4.NBT.5. Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole number, and multiply two two-digit numbers, using strategies based on place value and the properties of operations. Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models. Two-Digit Multiplication Lesson Introduction Write 45 x 32 on the board or overhead. Ask students how they would begin to solve it. Several students may know the algorithm for two-digit multiplication. Complete the problem as students indicate. Ask if there are any volunteers who can explain why this algorithm works. Many students who have memorized this algorithm dont understand the underlying place value concepts. Step-by-Step Procedure Tell students that the learning target for this lesson is to be able to multiply two-digit numbers together.As you model this problem for them, ask them to draw and write what you present. This can serve as a reference for them when completing problems later.Begin this process by asking students what the digits in our introductory problem represent. For example, 5 represents 5 ones. 2 represents 2 ones. 4 is 4 tens, and 3 is 3 tens. You can begin this problem by covering the numeral 3. If students believe that they are multiplying 45 x 2, it seems easier.Begin with the ones:45x 32 10  (5 x 2 10)Then move on to the tens digit on the top number and the ones on the bottom number:45x 3210 (5 x 2 10) 80 (40 x 2 80. This is a step where students naturally want to put down â€Å"8† as their answer if they aren’t considering the correct place value. Remind them that â€Å"4† is representing 40, not 4 ones.)Now we need to uncover the numeral 3 and remind students tha t there is a 30 there to consider:45x 321080150 (5 x 30 150) And the last step:45x 3210801501200 (40 x 30 1200)The important part of this lesson is to constantly guide students to remember what each digit represents. The most commonly made mistakes here are place value mistakes.Add the four parts of the problem to find the final answer. Ask students to check this answer using a calculator.Do one additional example using 27 x 18 together. During this problem, ask for volunteers to answer and record the four different parts of the problem:27x 18 56 (7 x 8 56)160 (20 x 8 160) 70 (7 x 10 70)200 (20 x 10 200) Homework and Assessment For homework, ask students to solve three additional problems. Give partial credit for the correct steps if students get the final answer wrong. Evaluation At the end of the mini-lesson, give students three examples to try on their own. Let them know that they can do these in any order; if they want to try the harder one (with larger numbers) first, they are welcome to do so. As students work on these examples, walk around the classroom to evaluate their skill level. You will probably find that several students have grasped the concept of multi-digit multiplication fairly quickly, and are proceeding to work on the problems without too much trouble. Other students are finding it easy to represent the problem, but make minor errors when adding to find the final answer. Other students are going to find this process difficult from beginning to end. Their place value and multiplication knowledge are not quite up to this task. Depending on the number of students who are struggling with this, plan to reteach this lesson to a small group or the larger class very soon.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 63

Case Study Example Roys model of adaptation, the nursing process is a problem solving approach for data gathering, identifying needs of a person to adapt to the system, and selecting the best methods and implementing them with the individuals care plan and evaluating the care later on. This model will assist a nurse in the assessment of Eddie. A nurse would first be involved in assessment of Eddies behavior. This model would guide a nurse in the collection of data on Eddie, and see how likely he is to adapt to the system in each adaptive mode. The model would guide a nurse to identify both internal and external factors that or stimuli that influence Eddies adaptive behavior. A nurse would be able to identify the immediate stimuli that a person faces and guide them in planning their care. The nurse would be able to identify other stimuli that affect the existing ones and finally they would identify those factors that influence Eddie but are unclear. A nurse familiar with this model would be able to come up with appropriate nursing diagnosis, the nurse would be able to come up with statements that best describe the patients situation and that interpret the already gathered data about the Eddies adaptation status, including relevant stimuli and behavior. Roy’s model of adaptation has a great influence in guiding a nurse actions towards the care of an individual. This model would influence how a nurse would approach Eddie in promoting self concept. AS nurse will be able to understand what is needed in dealing with self concept. In the self concept mode a nurse would be able to assess how Eddie views himself in terms of his ability to meet his daily needs or goals and if he can assist his members. Eddie saw viewed himself as a liability as he had no work and could not get back to his old job and the pins in his legs prevented him from looking for a job. Eddie though he wished to visit his friend Joe he was not able to because his friend was hospitalized far away. Eddie had